Valve-gear of internal-combustion engines.



A. A. REMINGTON & A. J. ROWLEDGE.

YALVE GEAR OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APYLICATION FILED JULY 8. 1911.

Patented Dec. 8, 1914v 3 SHEETSSHEET l.

A. A. REMINGTON & A. J. ROWLEDGE.

VALVE GEAR OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1111911.

1 ,1 20,240. Patented Dec. 8, 1914.

3 SHEETS SHEET 2.

A. A. REMINGTON & A. J. ROWLEDGB. VALVE GEAR OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8.1911

Patented Dec. 8, 1914 3 SHEETS SHEET 3.

1 n STATES PATENT curios,

ALFRED ARNOLD nmamcron Ann ARTHUR 301m aowgcnnos, or BIRMINGHAM, EKGLAND, Asszenoas TO THE WOLSELEY 'rooL AND MOTOR can COMPANY,

LIMITED, or mnmn'cnam, ENGLAND.

VALVE-GEAR OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification 0! Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. e, 1914;,

Application filed Jul s, 1911.- Serial in. 687,475.

To all whom it may concern:

it known that we, ALFRED Annow REMINGTON and ARTHUR JOHN Rownnoon, both subjects of, the King of Great Britaln,

and both residing at Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, England, and respectively designer and chief draftsman, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valve-Gear of Internal-Combustion Engines,'of which the following 18 n Specification.

v This invention relates to valve mechanism the va ve having imparted thereto a move mentwhich is compounded of the movements of the two eccentrics, or the eccentric and crank and. has for its object improvements inthe invention described and claimed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 970,525, ranted September 20, 1910, to George utchinson Mann.

According to the present invention, an eccentric'rod or link is connected at one end with an eccentric or crank-pin of a shaft which travels at half the speed of theengine shaft, and is connected at its outer .or

vibrating end with an eccentric rod or link which is connected at its other end with an eccentric or crank-pin of a shaft which re-' volves at thesame speed as the engine, and

which is conveniently itselfthe engine shaft,

. and such eccentric rods or links, or eccentric rod and link, form together a toggle and this toggle is connected either at v e joint between the two rods or links or rod and link,

or near to such' 'oint, directly with 'a link through the me into of which the toggle imparts movement to the valve, and the longitudinal axis of the link through which the movement of the toggie is imparted .to the valve is under all movements of the toggle at one side only of the center of the eccentric or crank-pin which revolves at the engine speed.

invention, which is i piston valve.

The effect of the operation of the mechanism, when the eccentrics 'or crank-pins, or eccentric and crank-pin, thereof are properly adjusted as to their. relative angular positions, is to cause the point of connecclosing the cylinder to both the inlet and exhaust, the line of travel then turning rapidly in a direction to insure the opening of the exhaust, then turning ra idly .in a

to travel in a pathbe substantially stationary in its position direction to close the exhaustan continu- I ing in such direction, rapidly'crossing the line first above-mentioned and quickl opening the inlet, and then turning rapidly and closing the inlet, and joining, by a quick turn, into the commencement of the line first abo'vementioned, thus completing the cycle. The invention, therefore, enables the time of opening and closing, of both induction and exhaust, to substantially coincide with the time 'that usually obtains in internal combustion engines which are fitted with ordinary puppet valves, and enables the advanta es to be secured which are incidental to t c employment of puppet valves with the advantages which are incidental to the use of a piston or slide valve.

Figure 1 illustrates, chiefl in vertical section, a convenient practical form of the lustrated .by way of example applied to an engine having a,

F ig. 2 shows, in diagrammatic fornnthe o eration of the mechanism through a comp etc cycle of the engine. Fig. 3 is a diagram, to a greater scale vertically than horizontally shown as spread out on a flat surface which indicates length- Wise a complete engine cycle, and indicates bv n irregular curved line the operation of e valve in controllingthe inlet and exhaunt and in keeping the some close-d. Fig.

the invention as 4: is a polar diagram, showing the points of opening and closingv of the valve, both for induction and exhaust, for a complete cycle of the engine and the relative widths of opening at diiferent points; and, Fig. 5 is a corresponding view to Fig. 1, illustrating applied to an engine having a sleeve valve.

Referring first to Fig. 1, A is the cylinder, B the piston, C'the connecting-rod, D the crankshaft of the engine, E the half-speed shaft, F an eccentric carried by the shaft D, G 21 crank-pin of the shaft E, F an eccentricrod of the eccentric Rand G a link which is connected with the crank-pin G. The rod F and the link G" are connected together at H, formin a toggle-joint. J is a plston valve and Q a valve rod which connects the toggle ioint, formed by the rod F and the link G with the valve J. The particular valve illustrated is of a duplex piston type having a middle portion 1' of, reduced diameter and the ends j of a. diameter to fit with in the cylindrical valve chest A, and these ends are provided with piston rings 70. The inlet port n for combustible mixture, and the exhaust port n, are alternately put into communication with the valve port m by the movements of the valve J, and the ennuler space, within the valve chest A, which surrounds the portion of reduced diameter j of the valve, is constantly in communication with the port m. The port at is placed in communication with the port m by the upward or outward movement of the valve, and the port it is put into communication with the port 'm. by the downward or inward movement of the valve. The bung p of the valve chest cover is within a hollow of the valve when the valve is in its upward or outward position.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the circle F indicates the revolution of the eccentric F, and the circle (i indicates the revolution of the eranlcpin (l. M is a. vertical line through the center of the crank sheft. The line K indicates the position of the crank when the induction opens, and the broken line F indivotes the eccentric rod F when the crank is in such position. The line K indicates the positionot the crank when the induction' closes, and the broken line F indicates the eccentric-rod F when the crank is in such position. The crank then travels around during the compression and explosion until it reaches the position indicated by the line K when the exhaust opens, and the line F in' dicntes the cccentric rod F when the crank is in such position. The line-K indicates the position of thc'crnnk when the exhaust closes, and the line F indicates theecccntrio-rod F when the crank is in such positionI it. will he remembered that the shaft l6 travels at half "the speed of the shaft D. r

1 port opening.

The shaft I) revolves in the direction of the arrow (1, Fig. 2, and the shaft E revolves in the opposite direction, as indicated by the arrow 1; of such figure. The broken line G indicates the rod G when the induction 9 the crankpin G being then in the positionindicated at E. The movements of the toggle-joint are indicated by the diagram N, which roughly corresponds with the figure 8, the direction of movement at different goints thereof being. indicated by arrow ends. The induction opens when the toggle-joint is in the position 6, the movement then being rapidlv upward and fully opening the valve. The line of movement then curves over, and following a somewhat quickly descending curve b, the valve is closed quickly at the point: 5", and, continuing in substantially the same curve, the valve is rapidly brought to fabout its midposition, when the line of movement of the togglejoint quickly curves inward, and runs in it substantially horizontal direction along the line b keeping the valve substan tinily stationery in its mid-position. The line then curves qt clines in Word to the point 5?, at which point the valve rapidly opens to the'cxhaust and the movement continues, in an inclined direction, downwnrd along the line b, and

then rapidly turning upward along the substantielly vertical line b reaches the point b when the exhaust closes, and then continues rapidly upward along the line 6 until it reaches the point Z), thus completing the cycle.

Re erring now to Fig. 3, the vertical line 1 indicates the commencement of the ignle 'tion and exhaust revolution, the vertical line 2 indicates the termination of such revolution, and the vertical line 3 indicates the termination of the induction and con prcssion revolution. The space between the horizontal lines 4 and 5 indicates the zone within which both the induction and exhaust remain closed, the space between the lines 5 and 6 indicates the zone of exhaust port opening, and the space between the lines 7 and 4 indicates the zone of induction The irregular line 8 indi-- cates the put 1 of the valve. in relation to the complete cycle of the engine. At the point 9 where the line 8 first crosses the line 3, the exhaust commences to open. and at the point- 10 where the curved line 8 first crosses iickly downward and inthe line 6 the exhaust is fully open, and the exhaust remains fully open while the line 8 passes down below the line 6 and until it crosses such line again at the point 11. The exhaust port then commences to close, and is completely closed at the point 12 where the line 8 again crosses the line 5,.and remains closed up to the point 13 where the line 8 first crosses the line 4. v The further upward movement opens the induction port, and this port remains open while the line 8 continues above the line 4 and then descends again to the point 14 where it again crosses the line 4, at which point the induction port closes. The line 8 then continues downward within the zone between the lines 4: and 5, and rises again within such zone until it joins into the commencement of the line 8, the cycle being thus complete. The passing of the line 8 below the line 6 indicates that the valve over-opens the exhaust port, whereby a longer duration of full --port opening is obtained than would be the case i the valve traveled sufliciently only to fully open the port.

Referring now to F 4, the circle 15 represents a circle of revo ution of the engine. Line 16 is vertical through the center of the circle 15, and the line-16* indicates the position of the crank when the piston is in. its position at the point when the exhaust closes; The engine revolves in the direction of the arrow a. The induction commences to open at the point 1.7, and opening quickly, as indicated by the curved line 18,

remains open until it closes again at the point 19. The valve then remains closed from the point 19 during the compression and explosion up to the point 20, when the exhaust opens and remamsopen up to the point 21, where it closes, The eXha'ust'openmg is indicated by the line 22, showing that while the exhaust opens somewhat gradually, it closes rapidly, and remains substan-- tially fully open for a very large proportion of time between its opening and. closing. The space between the line 22 and a broken curved line 23, indicates the travel 7 (re' ferred to in describing Fig, 3) of the valve to a distance beyond what is necessary to fully open the port. It is not essential that the two shaft-s revolve in opposite directions.

Referring now to F ig. 5, which illustrates the application of the invention to the sleeve type of slide valve, P is the sleeve valve having a port 7) which registers with the inlet port r of the cylinder A, and a port 1) which registers with the exhaust ort r of the cylinder, the valve when in its mid-position of course closing both the cylinder ports. The particular valve shown is given simply by way of example. The broken line circle 8 indicates the circle of revolution of the eccentric F'shown by Fig. 1, and the broken line circle 8 indicates the circle of revolution of the crank-pin G shown by such figure. The lines F and G indicate, respectively, an eccentric-rod and link corresponding, respectively, to the rod F and link G shown by Fi 1. The togglc-joint formed by the rod l and link G is connected by a link J with a lug p of the valve.

Having fully described our invention,

what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s:-

1, In an internal combustion engine, a

which revolves at he f engine speed, and a.-

link which connects between the tog le mechanism and the valve, and the longitu inal axis of said link which connects between the toggle mechanism and the valve being under all movements of the toggle mechanism at one side only of the center of the journal of the shaft which revolves at engine speed which constitutes the journal for the outer end of one of the toggle links, substantially as set forth.

In an internal combustion engine, a slide valve for controlling both the admission of combustible mixture to the cylinder and the exhaust therefrom, toggle mechanism consisting of two toggle links which are pivoted directly together at their inner ends and are journaled at their outer ends, respectively, eccentricall with a shaft which revolves at engine speer and a shaft which revolves at half engine speed, and a link which connects between the point of the connection of the toggle links with one another and the valve, and the longitudinal of said link which connects between the toggle mechanism and the valve being under all movements of the toggle mechanism at one side only of the center of the journal of the shaft which revolves at engine speed which constitutes the journal for the outer end of one of the toggle links, substantially as set forth.

3 In. an internal. combustion engine, a slide valve for controlling both the admission of combustible mixture to the cylinder and the exhaust therefrom, a rod F opermind by an eccentric F of the engine shaft, a link (i operated by a crank-pin G of the half speed lmi't E, the links F and G being jOlIltml \lliCUtly together to form a to gle, a rod J connected at one end with i a valve and at its other end with the point of dpnnection of the toggle links with one 311- 1911, in the presence of two subscribing witother, the longlt-udinal axis of said rod be messes.

ing under all movements of the tn *gle at ALFRED ARNOLD REMINGTON. one side only of the center of the Silii ween ARTHUR JOHN ROWLEDGE. 5 trio, substantially as described. Witnesses:

In Witness whereof We have. hereunto ALEXIS JACOB, I

signed our names this 27th dav of June ROBEIV1G.GROVEB. 

